Editing terms glossary (Lyn)

editing terms

Editing
Final cut: the final version of a piece.
Editing: the art of combining clips to make a film.
Exporting: Transferring a file from where it was edited to a share able format.
Compression:making the file smaller.
Importing: bringing files into something.
Continuity: smooth flowing editing.
Verisimilitude: quality of realism.
Rough cut: Editors first attempt and piecing the film together.
Montage: a series of short shots, usually related, playing quickly one after the other, usually to music.

Hardware: 
Hardware:the equipment used when recording a film.
Dolly: Attaches to the bottom of a tripod and has wheels.
Tripod: gives stability to a camera.
Green screen: used to place characters in different settings without having to go on location.
Steadicam: Attaches onto the camera operator to create a steadier shot.

Camera
Shot/reverse shot: over the shoulder shots between two characters, usually with in a conversation.

Eye line match: matches the eye line of two or more characters.

180 degree rule: The camera can not cross over an imaginary line otherwise it takes away from the verisimilitude of a scene.
Extreme Long shot: mainly background is visible.
Medium long shot: shows the full persona and more of the setting than a long shot.
Long shot: shows the full person and part of their surroundings.
Medium shot: shows most of the person and some surroundings.
Close up: Used to show emotion.
Medium close up: head and shoulders are shown.
Extreme close up:usually used to show emotions such as fear by focusing on an eye.
High angle: taken from above to make the character seem less important.
Low angle: taken from below to make the character seem more important.
Ground level: only shows things from the floor (etc feet)
Waist level/child eye view: a subtle way to make the characters seem larger and therefore more powerful.
Dutch tilt: slightly tilted shot used to show distortion.
Neutral:eye view shot used to help the audience feel a part of the scene.
Two shot: two people are in the frame.
Noddy shot: usually refers to a shot of an interviewer reacting.
Point of view shot: Shot from the characters perspective.
Cut in: shows a part of the subject in more detail.
Cut away: a shot of something other than the subject.
Sequence shot: a long take that records the entire scene with no editing.
Ped up: Tracks upawards.
Pan: follows the character.
Tracking: follows the character.
Zoom: focuses in and enlarges part of an object, scene or character.

Transitions
Cut: clean change from clip to clip.
Cross-Fade: Slight overlap and smooth change between to clips.
Dissolve: gradual change between two scenes.
Jump cut: Misses out chunks of the film and ruins continuity.

Editing (Mike)

How to use Adobe premier CS5.5

1. Open up the software and choose an appropriate name for the video and place to save the file.
2. Choose a file type which matches the ones that have been previously recorded.
3. Import the files that you wish to include by pressing 'File' then 'Import'. They will then appear in a list to the left.

To put a clip on the timeline

1. Double click on the clip.
2. Watch the clip and choose where you want it to start and finish.
3. Whilst it is playing, press 'I' to set the start point and 'O' to set the end point.
4. Drag the clip onto the time line by dragging it from the middle of the screen shot then placing it in 'V1'. You can choose whether to take both the video and audio or one or the other by pressing the icons underneath the left preview window.

Adding titles

1. Press 'File' then 'New' then 'Titles'.
2. Choose the text icon and press on the screen. You can then add text and choose the font.
3. Choose the select icon and drag the text to the desired place in the shot.
4. Exit off the screen, and find the title in the clip list on the left. 
5. drag it onto thee timeline in the desired place in 'V2'.

Transitions

1. In the bottom left corner there is a box.
2. Press 'Effects' then 'Video transitions'. ('dissolve' leads to 'cross dissolve' which is the most professional looking one.
3. Drag it onto the timeline, in between the two clips that you want the transition to be between.

Sound in film (Lyn)

Glossary of terminology

Diegetic sound- sound that belongs to the scene or the source of the sound is clearly visible.
Non-diegetic sound- sound that is added during post production.
Ambient sounds- sounds such as wind or birds, that add to the atmosphere and verisimilitude of a scene.
SFX- sounds that are artificially added after recording, and are created.
Mood- sound that helps add atmosphere and sets the mood of a scene.
Tone- (Harsh or soft) an element of music that reflects emotion.
Genre- a category, such as horror, that divides up elements of the media into recognizable characteristics.
Theme music- a recognizable piece of music that is repeated during a series.
Voice over- a non-diegetic way of narration.
Musical score- played throughout a film and are used to create atmosphere.
Synchronous sound- When the sound matches an action of SFX.
Asynchronous sound- similar to non-diegetic, this is when a sound originates from the outside of the reality of a film.
Contrapuntal sound- sound or music that contrasts with the visual aspect of the film.
Silence- usually used to provoke a reaction from the audience.
Selective sound- used to emphasize key sounds and elements within a sequence.
Sound bridges- using sound to help make transitions more fluid.




There is a large combination of diegetic and non-diegetic sound in this clip. The soundtrack adds to the atmosphere, and is synchronous with the scene, as when the pace increases, so does the horse galloping. The sound of the horse galloping is diegetic, because even though it was probably added during post production, the source is clearly shown before the sound begins. It is part of the many ambient sounds included as a way to preserve the verisimilitude of the scene. These sounds include footsteps as the protagonist is running and the sound of the chain breaking on the door when Sherlock kicks it open. These would have been added after recording as selective sound, in order to enhance the actions, thus creating a dramatic atmosphere for the audience.


Homework clip

Mise-en-scene (lyn)

Mike lesson reviews

Television studio lesson

Today we created a news report, whilst experiencing different roles in production. In initial discussion, I took on the role of news editor. This meant I had to decide which stories were included and which order they were presented in. On the next step, we all took turns in which roles we played. I alternated between director and presenter. As director, I oversaw what everyone else was doing, and prompted them in ways to improve. I didn't enjoy the role of presenter, as my desired field is behind the camera.
The possible jobs to choose from were as follows:
vision mixer: In charge of camera cuts and tittles.
sound operator: in charge of the mics and audio balancing.
floor manager: relays messages from the vision and audio room to the camera operators and presenters.
camera operators: set up angles and shots for the cameras.
production assistant: assists the floor manager and director with relaying messages.

equipment used:
mics: the mics were portable and attached onto the presenters clothing. however the negative was that they were very sensitive to background noise.
playback: we watched back our recordings through the vision mixer being linked to the television.
tricaster: The tricaster equipment is simple to use and is for real time editing.
camera: The cameras were cinematography standard.
audio mixer: This involved altering a few dials to create a balance between the two presenters voices.

process:
Firstly we did initial research, gathering stories to involve in our production, ranging from crime to gadget stories. Then we discussed which stories to include, when the editor (myself) made the final decision and created the order, the selected stories were researched and reworded in more depth, as well as related images being downloaded.
After this we began recording. The initial sound-checks were made and the countdown from 30 was done by the floor manager. We all alternated roles, to gain experience in all aspects of the studio. We re-recorded 4 times (including a test).

possible changes:
We could have added background videos instead of still images.
We could have also created more detailed opening and closing credits.



Review of the lesson (07.10.14) 

College promotional work.

During this lesson we learnt about treatments. These are forms that are created between project task managers and the customer, in order to establish what the final product will entail. We also recorded a majority of the shots that we wish to include in our versions of the college promo. The most difficult thing was doing the vox pops, as immaturity set in and we didn't take it seriously at first, however we did eventually get it recorded.